Thyroiditis means inflammation of the thyroid gland. There are three types.

Viral Thyroiditis

• Caused by: a viral infection
• Symptoms: enlarged, sometimes painful thyroid gland, flu-like symptoms, hyperthyroidism sometimes followed by hypothyroidism
• Diagnosis: physical examination and blood tests
• Treatment: steroids in severe cases. In mild cases, no treatment is needed
• Outcome: usually complete recovery within a few months; otherwise levothyroxine is given if the hypothyroidism is permanent

Postpartum Thyroiditis

• Occurs: usually in the first six months after childbirth
• Symptoms: swollen thyroid gland, not usually painful, hyperthyroidism sometimes followed by hypothyroidism
• Diagnosis: physical examination and blood tests
• Treatment: beta blockers, if necessary, during the hyperthyroid phase, levothyroxine during the hypothyroid phase
• Outcome: usually complete recovery within a few months; otherwise levothyroxine is given if the hypothyroidism is permanent. It may recur in subsequent pregnancies

Autoimmune Thyroiditis

• Caused by: an autoimmune process destroying the thyroid gland
• Symptoms: hypothyroidism - thyroid underactivity, and sometimes an enlarged thyroid (goitre)
• Diagnosis: blood tests
• Treatment: levothyroxine for life

Common symptoms of hypothyroidism

General tiredness, increased awareness of the cold, dry skin and hair, hoarse voice, muscle weakness, a small increase in weight, slow speech, movements and thoughts, low mood or depression

Common symptoms of hyperthyroidism

Weight loss despite an increased appetite, palpitations, sweating and heat intolerance, tiredness, nervousness and irritability, shakiness, a rapid pulse, mood swings or aggressive behaviour

Download Quick Guide pdf