Key facts about autoimmune conditions

Did you know that most thyroid conditions are autoimmune conditions? Take a look at some of the key facts about autoimmune disease.

autoimmune conditions

What are autoimmune conditions?

  • Autoimmune conditions occur when your immune system produces antibodies that mistakenly attack healthy cells.
  • There are over 100 different autoimmune conditions.
  • Autoimmune conditions affect around 10% of the population and are more common in women.
  • They can occur at any age but the average age at diagnosis is 54

    What is autoimmune thyroid disease?

    • Antibodies either destroy thyroid cells or stimulate the thyroid to produce excess thyroid hormones.
    • Most thyroid disorders are caused by autoimmune conditions.
    • For every 10 people diagnosed, 9 will be women.
    • Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the name for autoimmune hypothyroidism. It is the underlying cause in 9 in 10 cases of hypothyroidism.
    • Graves’ disease is the name for autoimmune hyperthyroidism. It is the underlying cause in 8 in 10 cases of hyperthyroidism.
    Why do some people have multiple autoimmune conditions?

    Who do some people have multiple autoimmune conditions?

    • Up to one-third of people with an autoimmune condition live with more than one.
    • Autoimmune conditions often run in families.
    • It is thought that autoimmune conditions are caused by a combination of genetics and environmental factors like smoking, diet and pollution.
    • Some autoimmune diseases are associated with one another.  
    • Where people with autoimmune thyroid conditions have another autoimmune disorder, the most common are rheumatoid arthritis, pernicious anaemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, Addison’s disease, coeliac disease, vitiligo, type 1 diabetes, and Sjögren’s syndrome.
    • People with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes, Addison’s disease, and other autoimmune conditions should have their thyroid function tested regularly.

    autoimmune awareness

    What research is being done into autoimmune conditions?

    • Many treatments for autoimmune conditions help with symptoms rather than stopping the underlying cause (immune attack).
    • Researchers are trying to develop treatments to slow down this immune attack or prevent it.
    • We are part of the Connect Immune Research (CIR) Partnership. This is a growing partnership of 16 organisations working together to understand how different autoimmune conditions are linked, and raise awareness of this.